Lifestyle Behaviours Profile of Spanish Adolescents Who Actively Commute to School.

The aim of this study was to study different 'healthy profiles' through the impact of multiple lifestyle behaviours (sleep patterns, screen time and quality diet) on active commuting to school (ACS) in adolescents. Sixteen secondary schools from four Spanish cities were randomly selected. All participants filled in an "Ad-Hoc" questionnaire to measure their mode of commuting and distance from home to school and their lifestyle behaviours. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to analyse the main predictor variables of ACS. The final sample was 301 adolescents (50.2% girls; mean age ± SD: 14.9 ± 0.48 years). The percentage of ACS was 64.5%. Multiple logistic regressions showed: boys were more active commuters than girls [OR = 2.28 (CI 95%: 1.12−4.64); p = 0.02]; adolescents who lived farther had lower probability to ACS [OR = 0.74 (CI 95%: 0.69−0.80); p < 0.001]; adolescents who met sleep duration recommendations were more likely to ACS [OR = 3.05 (CI 95%: 1.07−8.69); p = 0.04], while with each hour of sleep, the odds of ACS was reduced [OR = 0.51 (CI 95%: 0.30−0.89); p = 0.02]; higher odds were shown to ACS in adolescents who have more adherence to MD [OR = 1.16(CI 95%: 1.00−1.33); p = 0.05]; and habitual breakfast consumption was inversely associated with ACS [OR = 0.41 (CI: 95%: 0.18−0.96); p = 0.04]. ACS was associated with being a boy, living at a shorter distance to school, a daily sleep time ≥ 8 h and presented a higher adherence to MD.

Gender-Differentiated Analysis of the Correlation between Active Commuting to School vs. Active Commuting to Extracurricular Physical Activity Practice during Adolescence.

Active commuting to school in children and adolescents can help achieve compliance with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for physical activity. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the mode of transport used to go to school and the mode of transport used to go to extracurricular sports practice. Multistage random cluster sampling was conducted to include 128 schools with the participation of 11,017 students between the ages of 5 and 19. Participants completed the survey of sports habits designed by the National Sports Council. The results revealed that the mode of transport used to go to school is significantly related to the mode of transport used to go to sports practice. A total of 54.3% of students aged 5 to 19 years walk to school. A total of 23.7% of boys walk and 7.9% bike to extracurricular physical activities vs. 24.1% of girls who walk. The fact that girls only walk to extracurricular physical activities implies that the organized sports activities were nearby. Therefore, it seems crucial to have a wide range of physical activities on offer locally to promote extracurricular physical activity participation for girls.

Transtheoretical Model for Physical Activity in Older Adults: Systematic Review.

Healthy aging makes the practice of physical activity (PA) a necessity. However, PA guidelines achievement in older adults is scarce. The use of behavioral theories such as Transtheoretical Model (TTM), helps in older adults PA promotion. The aim of this review was to identify the use of TTM for PA in older adults (>60 years). PubMed, SPORTdiscus, and Medline databases were used to conduct the search. All steps of the process followed the recommendations of the PRISMA flow-diagram. We identified eight studies: Six were descriptive cross-sectional studies, one prospective-cohort study and one with a quasi-experimental design. Only two papers evaluated the four behavior change dimensions within the same study, three evaluated the processes of change and the decisional balance, four evaluated the exercise self-efficacy and all assessed the stages of change for PA behavior. From this review, we can conclude that TTM is a useful and suitable behavior model in creating, developing, and evaluating interventions with the aim of acquiring and improving PA habits in the older adults. However, there is paucity of research in this area, and more studies including the four behavioral change dimensions are needed to analyze the effect of TTM on the promotion of PA in the older adults.

School and Family Environment is Positively Associated with Extracurricular Physical Activity Practice among 8 to 16 Years Old School Boys and Girls.

Extracurricular physical activity in children and adolescents can help achieve compliance with the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendations for physical activity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate factors in school and family environments of children and adolescents in Spain that could be related to the practice of extracurricular physical activity. Multistage random cluster sampling was conducted to include 128 schools with the participation of 10,096 students between the ages of 7 and 16. Participants completed the survey of sports habits designed by the National Sports Council. The results revealed a higher participation in extracurricular sports activities among boys (OR: 1.67 (1.5-1.9)) and students in primary education (up to 12 years old) (OR: 1.8 (1.7-2.0)). Likewise, a statistically significant relationship (p < 0.005) was observed between families where another family member practiced sports and lower number of screen time hours, improved academic performance, and better self-perceived health. Participation of children and adolescents in extracurricular sports activities seems to be associated with their immediate environment. It is therefore essential to emphasize the importance of establishing physical activity habits from an early age in family and school environments.

Efectos de tres semanas de Pilates Mat durante las clases de Educación Física sobre la condición física de estudiantes de secundaria: ensayo aleatorio controlado / Effects of three weeks of Mat Pilates in the Physical Education classes on the physical condition of secondary students: a cluster randomized controlled trial / Efeitos de três semanas de Pilates em solo em aulas de Educação Física sobre a condição física de estudantes do ensino médio: ensaio clínico randomizado

OBJETIVO: Algunos componentes de la condición física inciden directamente sobre la salud postural. El objetivo de este estudio fue medir los efectos de una intervención de tres semanas de Pilates Mat sobre determinados componentes de la condición física, en un grupo de estudiantes de secundaria. MÉTODO: Un grupo de estudiantes (n=477) de Cantabria, España, fueron seleccionados para participar en un programa de Pilates durante las clases de Educación Física. Los estudiantes participantes de 11 centros de Enseñanza Secundaria Obligatoria fueron asignados aleatoriamente al grupo de intervención (n=261) o al grupo control (n=215). Se realizó un análisis de varianza de medidas repetidas. Se evaluaron varios parámetros de condición física: fuerza abdominal, fuerza lumbar, flexibilidad isquiosural, flexibilidad de psoas-iliaco, glúteo e isquiosural y flexibilidad de dorsal ancho, tríceps y rotadores externos de hombro, todas ellas antes y después de la intervención. RESULTADOS: Después de tres semanas de intervención los estudiantes del grupo experimental mostraron mejoras significativas en los test de fuerza abdominal (p = 0.001), zancada derecha (p = 0.002) y zancada izquierda (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONES: la intervención propuesta mejora los niveles de fuerza y flexibilidad por lo que debe ser tomado en cuenta en las clases de Educación Física para trabajar y mejorar la condición física en adolescentes

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure the effects of a school-based intervention with Mat Pilates on physical fitness in a cluster randomized trial of adolescent students. METHOD: A group of students (n=477) were recruited in Cantabria, Spain to participate in a Pilates school program during the Physical Education classes. Participants from 11 Secondary obligatory schools were randomly assigned by clusters to intervention (n=261) or control (n=215) groups. Repeated measures analysis of variance with time (within) and group (between) as factors was performed. Abdominal strength, lumbar strength, hamstring flexibility, iliopsoas, gluteus and hamstring flexibility and latissimus dorsi, triceps and shoulder external rotators flexibility were all assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS: After three weeks of intervention, the students of the experimental group showed significant improvements for the abdominal strength (p = 0.001), the right lunge (p = 0.002) and the left lunge (p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pilates exercise increases some components of physical fitness in students, so Mat Pilates should be taken in account to work and improve physical fitness in adolescents

OBJETIVO: Alguns componentes da condição física afetam diretamente a saúde postural. O objetivo deste estudo foi medir os efeitos de uma intervenção de três semanas com base no método Pilates em determinados componentes da aptidão em um grupo de estudantes do ensino médio. MÉTODO: Um grupo de estudantes (n = 477) de Cantabria, Espanha foi selecionado para participar de um programa de Pilates durante as aulas de educação física. Estudantes participantes de 11 escolas de nível médio, foram randomizados para o grupo de intervenção (n = 261) e grupo de controle (n = 215). Uma análise de variância para medidas repetidas foi realizada. Vários parâmetros da condição física foram avaliados: força abdominal, força lombar, flexibilidade dos isquiotibiais, iliopsoas flexibilidade dos glúteos e isquiotibiais e flexibilidade dorsal, tríceps e rotadores do ombro externos, todas medidas feitas antes e depois da intervenção. RESULTADOS: Depois de três semanas de intervenção o grupo experimental mostrou melhorias significativas na força de teste abdominal (p = 0.001), passada direita (p = 0.002) e passada esquerda (p = 0.001). CONCLUSÕES: A intervenção proposta melhorou os níveis de força e flexibilidade por isso deve ser levada em conta em aulas de educação física para trabalhar e melhorar o condicionamento físico em adolescentes